How to Write a Policy Brief (2020 Guide)

How to Write a Policy Brief (2019 Guide) Table of Contents1 What is a Policy Brief?2 How to Write a Policy Brief2.1 Step 1   Consider Your Audience2.2 Step 2 Tone and Terminology2.3 Step 3 Purpose2.4 Step 4 Use Headings2.5 Step 5 Keep Brief Focused3 Policy Brief Format3.1 Title3.2 Executive Summary3.3 Context/Scope of Problem3.4 Policy Options3.5 Policy Recommendation(s)3.6 Appendices3.7 Sources3.8 Headers3.9 Questions to Ask4 Policy Brief Template5 Policy Brief Example5.1 Executive Summary Example5.2 Scope of the Problem Example5.3 Policy Options Example5.4 Policy Recommendation Example5.5 Sources6 Conclusion The boss has to make a decision—cut funding or not? What are the practical ramifications either way? With the help of a policy brief, the boss can see what the issues are. A policy brief is like a fine filter that distills the essence of the subject to its fine points. When the boss has to act, he has to know the facts—and that’s where policy brief writing comes into play. This article will look at how to write and format a policy brief. We’ll include a policy brief template that you can download as well. Plus, we’ll give you an example policy brief so you can see exactly what they look like. What is a Policy Brief? A policy brief is a type of paper that delivers concise, summative information to a reader who needs to know all the necessary info but who is neither a specialist in the subject area nor has his mind made up one way or another. Many professionals and administrators rely on policy briefs because they don’t have time to research key issues and areas on their own. Policy advisors will write up a brief so that the leader can make a decision based on accurate information. A typical policy brief will be a page or two in length. Leaders want information fast. They don’t have time to sit down and read a 12 page article, parse out the important parts, and reflect on what they’ve read. The policy brief writer has to do the reflecting for the reader. It should present conclusions—not ideas for generating interest and further research. How to Write a Policy Brief Step 1   Consider Your Audience First, consider the audience. Policy briefs are not always going to be written for one’s boss. Sometimes they are written for a general readership audience who has a particular stake in the subject. For example, a policy brief could be written for congressmen, for investors, for consumers, or for regulators. For the brief to be effective, it has to be written with a specific audience in mind. Every audience is likely to have a different background on the subject—so tailoring the brief to meet the needs of the audience is highly important. If you don’t know the audience, get to know them. That will allow you to target specific areas based upon the readers’ needs. The more you know about the audience, the more effective you can make the policy brief. Tips for getting to know your audience: Ask questions. Find out what your readers already know. Discuss possibilities for the brief. Find out what your reader is looking for in the policy brief. Brainstorm with others to make sure all aspects are tackled. Step 2 Tone and Terminology Second, consider the use of tone and terminology. A policy brief is not an academic article though it may sound like one. The tone should be informational but not high-brow. Assume the reader is not well-versed in the â€Å"jargon† used by professionals and scholars who write about your subject. Keep the terms simple. Even if your audience is knowledgeable, you don’t have to spruce up the writing by adopting the lexicon of a scholar. Simple and direct is best. Less is more. Tips for considering the use of tone and terminology: Have the brief proofread by someone whom you consider to be an average reader. If the brief is difficult for that reader to understand, tone down the technical language and use more simple phrases and concepts. Step 3 Purpose Third, consider the purpose of the policy brief. What is the aim? The aim is to help the reader decide on a direction to pursue. The writer of the policy brief does not have to make the decision for the reader—but it does have to explain the options and the likely outcomes of each. The policy brief should thus provide background information on the issue, the various strategies that could be applied, the pros and cons of each, and which approach is likely to be the most beneficial. The best policy brief will propose a solution to an issue that can be solved at the level of policy. Tips for considering the purpose of the policy brief: Understand what the reader needs. Ask pointed and specific questions to make sure you grasp the exact purpose for the brief. Create an outline to help guide you in writing the policy brief. The outline will help you to stay on topic and on target. Step 4 Use Headings Use headings to structure the report. The policy brief should be easy to read—and that means it should be organized. The reader will want to be able to identify the most important parts of the brief easily by scanning the headings. Headings should be focused, clear and to the point. Headings are like road signs that show the reader where he is in the brief. For more information on this, see below for our policy brief format. Tips for structuring the report: Don’t try to reinvent the wheel. Every policy brief should follow a basic template (ours is supplied below). Use headers wisely by using them to draw attention to key sections in the brief. Step 5 Keep Brief Focused Keep the brief focused on the main issue. Do not get sidelined with noise or background information. Digressions have no place in a policy brief. For that reason, the policy brief should be specific and should be restricted to one subject only. Identify the problem you want to address at the outset and make sure it is a problem that can be addressed by the implementation of some policy. Problems should not be broad or general but rather specific and defined. Tips for keeping the brief focused: Follow your outline. Edit your policy brief and remove all extraneous material that does not adhere to the outline you created. Have the brief proofread by someone who is familiar with the issues to make sure it stays on topic and addresses all the necessary points. Policy Brief Format Title The title should effectively communicate the subject of the policy brief. It should also be memorable so that the brief can easily be remembered and turned to when the issue addressed in the brief comes up. A policy brief with a poor title will not stay long in the mind of the reader. Executive Summary The executive summary is where you summarize the main points of the policy brief. It should not be any longer than a paragraph or two. Here you can briefly give an overview of what the report states, what the problem is and how it can be addressed via policy. Context/Scope of Problem This section will be the start of the policy brief proper. It is where the main problem is described and the need for policy to be developed and implemented. This section essentially spells out why policy is required. Policy Options In this section, the different options that the policy makers can pursue are explained. This section should just include the facts about the different policy options that could be used. It should represent each option fairly and objectively, with pros and cons for each. Policy Recommendation(s) In this section, specific steps should be given to explain what policy should be used to answer the problem. The policy recommendation should be explained and then it should be defined how it can be implemented. A concrete plan for implementation should be included. Appendices In this section, extra materials can be supplied the reader to help expand on any points made earlier in the policy brief. These add-ons can be used to explain why the policy recommendation is appropriate or to provide supporting facts. Sources In this section, the reader can see what sources of information the writer used or consulted when writing the policy brief. Headers Headers should be used to separate the sections of the policy brief. Headers should be specific and clear so that each section can be easily identified. Headers should be centered or left justified and bolded so that they can be quickly seen by the reader. Questions to Ask What is the nature of the problem? How big is the problem? What falls within its scope? Who is affected by the problem? Who can play a part in addressing the problem? Policy Brief Template Title [You title goes here and should indicate the subject of the policy brief.] Executive Summary [Your executive summary goes here. This should explain what is to come in the policy brief, point by point. The problem, the options and the recommendations should all be described here.] Scope of Problem [This is where you describe the main problem that the policy brief is to address. The problem should be defined clearly. The need for a solution should be evident. Some connection should be made between the research you have conducted and the issue that the policy makers have to address.] Policy Options [This is where you describe the various policy options that could be used to solve the problem. This is where your research should come into play especially. The current policy should be described in this section. The different alternatives should also be explained here.] Policy Recommendations [Here the writer makes recommendations about what policy should be pursued. An explanation should be given as to why this policy choice would best solve the problem. The writer should also include an explanation of how this policy recommendation would impact the lives of people.] Appendices [This is where you include any extra material that could be useful in helping the reader to understand the points you make in the policy brief.] Sources [This is where you include references to the sources you used in the preparation of the material.] View or Download this policy brief template in ms word format (.docx) or adobe pdf format (.pdf) for free! Policy Brief Example Policy Paths for Addressing Discrimination in the Public Workplace Executive Summary Example Discrimination in the public workplace is a major problem that has to be addressed. Too many people are being marginalized or oppressed because of discrimination against minorities. This policy brief identifies the problem of discrimination in the public workplace and how it impacts workers. The various options for addressing this issue are: 1) to let every public agency govern itself and address the issues independently of any government body; 2) to enact a new policy that will standardize how discrimination is to be addressed; or 3) to give each agency a set of options on how to address the problem of discrimination. The recommended policy for this issue is to enact a new policy that will standardize how discrimination is to be addressed. Scope of the Problem Example What is the Problem? Discrimination is a major issue in the public workforce. The Civil Rights Act was legislation that made it illegal to discriminate against workers. However, discrimination still occurs under the radar or in ways that are not easily identified. For instance, the wage gap is a problem in the public workforce and is a form of discrimination that has not been addressed in recent years. Men are paid more than women for their labor and this is an issue that can create tension in the workplace and in culture. This is particularly a problem for women in the workforce because they feel unappreciated and undermined when they sense they are being paid less their male counterparts. They feel passed over when it comes to promotions. A sense of inequality within the established order of business can lead to workplace tension, turnover, and instability, which can have profound effects on economy and society. The recent #MeToo movement is a perfect example of how women are using social media to respond to problems they have faced in the workplace. Many companies and personnel have come under fire, including large corporations like Google. Discrimination is therefore a major problem that not only affects workers but also indirectly impacts shareholders. The issue that needs to be addressed by policy makers is this: what can policy makers do to curb discrimination in a practical manner so that stealth discrimination can be mitigated? Policy Options Example The current policy that exists regarding discrimination in the workplace is based on the Civil Rights Act. The policy stipulates that no discrimination against race, gender, ethnicity, age, sex, religion, or disability shall be tolerated in the workplace. It defines each type of discrimination in general terms. However, it does not define different ways in which discrimination against women may take place by way of stealth discrimination—i.e., in ways that are not explicitly stated but are recognized only over time and in minute ways. Kim (2013) has shown that there are a number of options available to address this issue, particularly with respect to discrimination via the gender pay gap. One possibility is to unionize women in the workforce. This would give women the power to negotiate fair wages with companies. The benefit of this option is that would help to reduce discrimination on this front. The drawback is that it might cause problems among corporate leaders who do not like to give up power to unions. Another option would be to support legislation that ensures pay secrecy. The benefit of this legislation would be that it ensures there is no sense of one person being discriminated against in terms of wages. However, it would not guarantee that discrimination would be reduced—and it is also unlikely that earnings are really kept secret, as word inevitably gets out. A third option would be to support stronger affirmative action. This would ensure that every workplace has equality in terms of people of various backgrounds working together. However, this policy approach does not necessarily address the persistent issue of discrimination in terms of the wage gap. Policy Recommendation Example Best Approach The policy recommendation for best addressing this issue is that women be unionized. While this would present certain problems for businesses, it would be the most effective way to address stealth discrimination, which is the main problem that has to be solved today. The union advantage for women is particular strong in that it can ensure that stealth discrimination is reduced as the union will be able to negotiate on behalf of women and make sure that employers are not engaging in any type of stealth discrimination with respect to wages. The union will be able to monitor and assess how every company pays its employees and see to it that fairness and equality are delivered in every instance. The Impact of This Policy This would impact the lives of women in a positive way and provide them with the stability and assurance they require to know they are supported in the workplace and treated with equitability. This policy would also impact the way in which organizations and businesses approach the issue of paying workers. It would likely lead to the total unionization of the workplace and it could possibly end with wages being determined by a third party when all is said and done: yet that would still mean that it is a victory for equality. Already unions help to ensure that women are paid more fairly. As Gould and McNicholas (2017) point out at the Economic Policy Institute, â€Å"working women in unions are paid 94 cents, on average, for every dollar paid to unionized working men, compared with 78 cents on the dollar for non-union women as a share of nonunion men’s dollar. Furthermore, hourly wages for women represented by unions are 23 percent higher than for nonunionized women.† This shows that unions are an effective way to address wage discrimination, which is a form of stealth discrimination that most needs to be eliminated in the workplace. How Business Leaders Can Play a Part The difficulties that business leaders may face in having to deal with the unionization of all women is not so great that it takes away from this solution: however, it would be helpful to get the support of prominent business leaders before enacting this policy. This would show that the business community does in fact support equality in the workplace and that they do want to work together towards achieving a solution primarily by supporting women’s organization and unionization. It would also give business leaders the opportunity to get out in front of the changes and make recommendations and be part of the process overall. Sources Anderson, J., Hegewisch, A. Hayes, J. (2015). The union advantage for women. Institute for Women’s Policy Research. Retrieved from https://iwpr.org/publications/the-union-advantage-for-women/ Gould, E. McNicholas, C. (2017). Unions help narrow the gender wage gap. Retrieved from https://www.epi.org/blog/unions-help-narrow-the-gender-wage-gap/ Kim, M. (2013). Policies to end the gender wage gap in the United States.  Review of  Ã‚  Radical Political Economics,  45(3), 278-283. Conclusion When writing a policy brief, it is important to remember that you are supplying key points to a specific audience to help that reader or group of readers to arrive at the best possible decision they can make in terms of policy. The policy brief should be streamlined and to the point. It is not a research paper that provides all the details expected of such. Rather it is exactly as it sounds—a brief that a policy maker can use to make a decision about the best way to approach a problem or issue. For that reason, every policy brief should be written to address a specific issue or problem. The policy brief writer must have a clear understanding of what the issue is and what factors most impact it. The writer must also have a clear sense of how the various players will be impacted by the recommended policy. Every policy brief should conclude with at least one policy recommendation so the reader can have a sense of which approach is best and why. As always, if you would like help writing your own policy brief, do not hesitate to order your model policy brief today!

What Reasons led to HSBSs Offshoring Policy Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Offshoring is mainly done for the jobs relating to research and development of the specified industries and their business research. labor available in the UK and other European countries is quite expensive compared to the labor available in countries like China and India. Many people have expressed their concern over the effect of offshoring on the domestic economy and domestic productivity of UK, but this concern has not quite affected one of the largest financial service providers in the country. In fact, the extent of offshoring has been increased by HSBC to reduce their fixed and variable costs of production. First, a financial service provides generally gets the opportunity to of investing in global securities by adopting the path of offshoring. Very often many top performing securities are not available to the citizens of the UK and thus the investors of this country generally do not get the option of investing in these securities that provide lucrative returns. But offshorin g makes it possible to make these global top performing securities accessible to the investors. (Clark, 2009; a banking service provider that opts for offshoring becomes able to provide its banking account holders with the opportunity of accessing all those banking products that would not be available otherwise in the domestic market. We will write a custom essay sample on What Reasons led to HSBS's Offshoring Policy or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Offshore banking services have obtained very high reputation with respect to its operation. Offshore banking services have been highly trusted for a number of decades on account of asset protection.

The Horror Of Horror Films - 1228 Words

The oldest and strongest emotion of mankind is fear, and the oldest and strongest kind of fear is fear of the unknown. Horror has been around for years, instilling fear into individuals. It makes us scream. It makes individuals feel as if they are going to die. Horror Films has a story behind their twisted, sick fantasies of monsters, murders, demons, and beast including ghost stories. All of these fictional charterers have a historical representation behind them. The main historical moments behind the horror movies we encountered as children all had a relation to what was going on in the world. Horror films, filtered the horror of history subliminally by reiterating the problems that were happening in that time period. In the 1980’s the AIDS epidemic broke out and affected about 33 million people. () In horror films human on human violence was depicted. There were major figures in horror films in the late 1970s and early 1980s. They were dominating personalities such as Fred dy Krueger, Jason Voorhees, and Michael Myers. These characters were a direct reaction against the sexual revolution. Freddy, Jason and Michael all preyed on teens the way many believed sexually transmitted infections might, and served as warnings of the dangers of giving teenagers sexual freedom. For example, Freddy attacks you in bed, Michael attacks you while you re babysitting and your boyfriend is over, and Voorhees died because camp counselors were too busy kissing and cuddling to hear aShow MoreRelatedHorror : Horror And Horror Film Essay2210 Words   |  9 PagesMerriam Webster defines â€Å"horror† as â€Å"painful and intense fear, dread, or dismay.† A popular definition of horror film argues that horror is subjective-anything that evokes the emotion of horror in an individual is a horror film to that individual. (Horror Writers Association) This definition is far too dependent on the audience for its categorization. Although, the emotional argument being ma de in films is an essential factor when defining a genre, it cannot be the only device considered for definingRead MoreThe Horror Of Horror Films1360 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Horror Films are unsettling films designed to frighten and panic, cause dread and alarm, and to invoke our hidden worst fears, often in a terrifying, shocking finale, while captivating and entertaining us at the same time in a cathartic experience.† Horror films have been to Hollywood since the early days of cinematography. Horror films are very interesting to watch because horror movies are scary and we don t know what is going happen next. That kind of suspense in the movies makes us watch moreRead MoreThe Horror Of Horror Films858 Words   |  4 PagesHorror films are alluring to viewers for many reasons. Horror movies have longed to serve a purpose which is to scare and also provide stories about the dark scary side of life. People watch horror movies to get scared, for the thrill and most of all plain old entertainment. Three main characteristics of horror films are according to Maggie McCutcheon is scaring people into creating morals, Stephen King differs and says that horror films are made to let people’s emotion and fears rein free, andRead MoreThe Horror Of Horror Films1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe joy and excitement of a horror movie is such a great feeling to have. So many people ask why do people enjoy watching horror Films if they are only going to make you get scared and not be happy the whole night? That is something really easy to answer for example, horror movies are one of the genres that will make sure you got your money worth and you didn’t waste money on a movie that you didn’t enjoy. Another fact would be is that when anyone goes into a horror film nobody knows what to expectRead MoreThe Horror Genre Of Horror Films Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesThe horror genre has become a popular genre among the movie industry. It has become a popular genre since it has been evolving throughout the years it has been around, but one of its major climax points was when the subgenre of zombies came into the mix. The zombie genre became very popular in the year 1968 when it was first introduced in George Romero’s film Night of the Living Dead. Night of the Living Dead is one of the most prominent zombie films till this date especially since it has introducedRead MoreHorror Films And Gothic Horrors2537 Words   |  11 Pages HORROR FILMS In this paper, I will be discussing reviews on horror films and gothic horrors using the movie mama as my main example. My aim is to analyse the horror genre and the emotional effects it has on different people. My objectives are to identify and analyse the generic elements of the horror genre, gather people’s opinions about the horror genre and to find out the reasons for these opinions. To aid my research, I have preparedRead MoreThe Horror Of Film Films988 Words   |  4 PagesThe genre of film, found footage, is looked down upon in today’s society. Although the genre has a large following, since some if its top movies are the infamously popular Paranormal Activity series. Some believe the genre is taking the art away from making the movie and replacing it with jump scares all from the view of a handheld camera. Others believe it is a new way to make films cheaply and be able to still deliver the same amount of excitement or even more than your traditional film. Found footageRead MoreEssay on Horror Films727 Words   |  3 PagesHorror films Movies have been growing increasingly more explicit for years. Horror films are no longer based on a cleverly written script with lots of twists and turns, but rather how graphic and twisted the images are throughout the movie. Horror films are appealing to viewers for various reasons. In fact, according to some film critics, â€Å"good† horror films have particular characteristics. Maggie McCutcheon in â€Å"Too Disturbing, Too Shocking,† According to Olson, people particularly enjoy experiencingRead MoreThe Genre Of Horror Films1563 Words   |  7 Pagescategorized a film based on similarities in the narrative elements. There are a wide range of different types of film genres: detective, action, adventure, gangster or crime, science fiction, drama, horror, romance, comedy, musical and so on. It is quite difficult to identify a particular film because a film might have a few of different genres. That is the reason why sub-genres exist. Sub-genres can help us to more c larity in identify the genre of a film. For example, a horror film might involveRead MoreHorror Genre Films586 Words   |  2 PagesHorror Genre Essay Horror Genre Films are unsettling films that are created to frighten and panic the audience. They are there to invoke our hidden worst fears yet entertaining the audience. They deal with our most undiscovered fears, our nightmares, and our vulnerability, our terror of the unknown, our fear of death or our loss of identity. Watching a horror film gives an opening into the scary world, into a passage for the essence of fear itself, but not really being in danger. Common story lines

Purchase Advice Chandelier Essay - 1595 Words

Purchase advice chandelier Style and elegance for all tastes For centuries, chandeliers decorate splendid halls and awaken admiration. Crystal or beautiful embellishments deepen this impression and still determine many styles of furniture. But nowadays a chandelier does not have to be massive and lush. Rather, it is available in countless variants, which can be selected according to the furnishing style. A modern chandelier immediately catches the eye and creates a moody atmosphere in the apartment. Suitable light sources ensure bright rooms and low energy consumption. To choose the right chandelier, it is important to pay attention to some details. More than one lamp A chandelier is a special type of lamp consisting of a center and†¦show more content†¦Are high ceilings a must for chandeliers? Not anymore. Different sizes make it possible to illuminate a chandelier as the center of the room, even in small, low rooms. However, make sure that the chain to which the chandelier is attached is not too long to keep the lamp hanging too low. Chandeliers are very adaptable thanks to the wide range of design and materials, and are in perfect harmony with many furnishing styles . It does not have to be the classic variant in an old building with 3 m high ceilings, stucco and parquet floor. For apartments in puristic flair, there is a selection of elegant metal chandeliers. Which chandelier suits which furnishing style? In the right execution, a chandelier sets every facility elegantly into the scene. The times when this type of lamp was found only in stately houses have long since passed. Today, a chandelier can be installed in almost every type of apartment - even if different styles are in stark contrast to each other. For example, chandeliers fit easily into apartments that are decorated in a country-house style, for example, or in pop-style rooms. The timeless type of lamp is also at home in other stylistic settings, with flair and style. It just depends on finding the right chandelier for your furnishing style. In the following designs, a chandelier often works well in its own four walls. Scandinavian design Natural materials and light colors characterize this

Mary Rowlandson Essay - 1960 Words

Living in America during the 18th and 19th century with different colored skin, different religious and cultural views, and being a different gender has proven to be a difficult task being the minority and having to share the country with all white men. Native Americans, African Americans, and Women all had their struggles, their ups and downs, their joy of overcoming and their sadness, but in the end they fought hard for equality and for better treatment. In order to succeed, they must carry on a difficult path full of bumps and hostility before finding better days. During this time, the dominant culture, better known as the white, rich men had their own views on what Native Americans were to them. Many felt threatened by the Native†¦show more content†¦Occom’s case is unique because he received a calling to be apart of the Christianity that was being spread. While there are many cases of uniqueness, there is a case that stands out for how the Native Americans dealt with the oppression. Tecumseh handled their oppression by standing in front of his people and telling them that we need to fight back and show them we are not going to let these dominant culture people take us over. In one quote Tecumseh tells his people, â€Å"Who are the white people that we should fear them? They cannot run fast, and are good marks to shoot at: they are only men; our fathers have killed many of them: we are not squaws, and we will stain the earth red with their blood.† (Tecumseh, 233) He wants his people to remember that the white men are weaker then they are, and they are good targets for shooting. He reminds them that they shouldn’t be frightened by them and all they come with. While the Native Americans were viewed in a negative or a positive way, African Americans were also on the same view scale as the Native Americans. Thomas Jefferson did not approve of slavery during the time he wrote his book, but while he disapproved of it he also had remarks that were grounded in the white being more superior than the African Americans. In Notes on theShow MoreRelatedMary Rowlandson vs Anne Bradstreet Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesMary Rowlandson and Anne Bradstreet are two women with different stories and one similar faith. Their similar faith in God and passion for writing allowed the two women to survive the contrast of hardships each woman had to endure. Furthermore, in this essay, I will compare and contrast the lives and faith of Rowlandson and Bradstreet. In the story â€Å"Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson† written by Mary Rowlandson herself, we read that she is taken captive by a groupRead MoreEssay about The Faith of Mary Rowlandson1098 Words   |  5 PagesThe Faith of Mary Rowlandson In her writing titled â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restauration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson†, Mary lies out for the reader her experience of being held in captivity by Indians during the King Philip’s War. Perhaps one of the most significant aspects of this writing is the glimpse that the reader gets into Rowlandson’s faith and religion. Faith was a major aspect of life in the Colonial Period. It was of widespread belief that God was to be feared, and that he wasRead MoreMary Rowlandson and Benjamin Franklins Storied of Captivity Essay example552 Words   |  3 Pages Mary Rowlandson: A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson And Benjamin Franklin: The Autobiography ​Every literature story has an importance of a great leader or a survivor. There are apparent themes in this captivity narrative such as the doubt of life. The story of Mary Rowlandson and Benjamin Franklin wrote a narrative of their life experience and their adventure. They learn from the attack that no one is guaranteed life, and life can be short. There are clearRead More The Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson Essay1719 Words   |  7 Pagesof Mrs. Mary Rowlandson In â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson,† Mary Rowlandson, a Puritan mother from Lancaster, Massachusetts, recounts the invasion of her town by Indians in 1676 during â€Å"King Philip’s War,† when the Indians attempted to regain their tribal lands. She describes the period of time where she is held under captivity by the Indians, and the dire circumstances under which she lives. During these terrible weeks, Mary Rowlandson deals withRead More Compare Contrast Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano Essay1667 Words   |  7 Pagesthings that make up a piece of literature. For example: choice of diction, modes of discourse, and figurative language. Mary Rowlandson and Olaudah Equiano were great examples of authors that used these elements of literature. There are similarities and differences in A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson and From Africa to America. Though Mary Rowlandson and Olau dah Equiano shared similarities in experiences, they had different writing personalities, purposes, attitudesRead MoreEssay on Mary Rowlandson1296 Words   |  6 Pages Mary Rowlandson was born in a Puritan society. Her way of was that of an orthodox Puritan which was to be very religious and see all situations are made possible by God. She begins her writing by retelling a brutal description of the attack on Lancaster by the Natives. Rowlandson spends enough time interacting with the Natives to realize these people live normal, secular lives. She had the opportunity work for a profit which was not accepted when she lived as devout Puritan women in Puritan colonyRead MoreMary Rowlandson Vs Mary Jemison Essay1019 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent viewpoints to something or some people. In the two captivity narratives of Mary Rowlandson and Mary Jemison, some people argue that because both the narratives was written by women, that make they give a unique perspective toward to natives people. I don’t agree with that. On my opinion, I think our points of view in life are more complex than just because of our sex type. As the two narratives of Rowlandson and Jemison, although both the writers are women, but they gave some different perspectiveRead MoreComparing Rowlandson’s Captivity Narrative with Jacobs’ Slave Narrative1643 Words   |  7 PagesMini-Research Essay i) Mary Rowlandsons A Narrative of the Captivity and A Restoration is a captivity narrative. Harriet Jacobss Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl is a slave narrative. While they are considered distinctive genres, they share some characteristics. Look at the excerpts you have from them in your reading. How are they similar? How are they different? Be sure to provide evidence from the texts to support your conclusions. Answer the above questions in a 1,000-1,250-wordRead MoreMirrored Worlds1566 Words   |  7 Pagesinstance can be shown between A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson by Mary Rowlandson herself and Our Nig by Harriet E. Wilson. The stories depict the great suffering of two individuals who express similar qualities in their writings; the qualities being that each piece is a captivity narrative, there is a struggle with faith, and a silenced sexual subtext. The first piece by Rowlandson tells the story of a white Puritan woman. She is captured by Native Americans,Read MoreMary Rowlandson Survival Essay712 Words   |  3 Pagesforces. Over one half of New England’s towns and settlements are rampaged by Indians, and both sides suffer thousands of casualties. However, through the bloodshed and wreckage, one woman lives to tell the story of her capture by Native Americans. Mary Rowlandson, the lucky survivor, spends eleven weeks in brutal captivity, after being seriously wounded and seeing her own child die in her arms. How she survives her experience is nearly impossible to pinpoint directly, but her devotion to her religion can

Personhood Chart - Click Here to Get Instant Solution

Question: Draw Personhood Chart. Answer: Christianity Materialism Personal View Relational United States is having majority of Christianity followers. It helps people to know about gods plans and purpose regarding their life. Materialism followers are people who think god is not controlling their life Bourassa Laing (2014). Rules and regulation re very important for living a proper life. Multidimensional Christianity followers should be aware of all cultural aspects Wilkinson (2009). They should also know about the spirit, tradition of their religion. Materialism followers spend their life as per their own beliefs, thoughts, views and others. Cultural and religion aspects play important role in individuals life. Sexual Regarding sexual life Christianity is having different rules and regulation, which is to be followed by every Christianity follower. Materialism followers do not follow any predefined rules by any religion. They perform sexual activities as per their own beliefs, views. Every religion defines rules and regulation for sexual activities, which should be followed by everyone. Moral Christianity moral explains their ethics, theories, philosophies and beliefs. Every Christianity follower has to live their life as per these only. Materialism moral are different for every individual. Every materialism follower has their own beliefs and thoughts for life. Ethics and code of conduct are very important for living happy and prosperous life. Mortal Mortal in Christianity explains their mortal sins. It helps people to know what wrong acts according to Christianity are. It explains people list of wrong and correct acts. Every individual should avoid wrong acts in their life. Destined for Eternal Life Eternal life is life after death. Christianity explains if people performs wrong act they will be sent to hell. If they perform good acts in their life, they will go to heaven and meet god. They believe after death eternal life depends on peoples own activities. After death life depends on individuals act and decided by God References Bourassa, L., Laing, R. (2014) Materialism. [Iowa City]: PhotoStatic. Wilkinson, P. (2009). Christianity. New York: DK Pub.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Activities

Question: Discuss about the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Activities. Answer: Introduction: As a community nurse the focus of my interventions for the patient in the given case study, will include exercise, training, education and psychological support. The patient in the given case study requires assistance for managing his oxygen therapy, hygiene and dietary requirements. The patient will be encouraged to perform exercises for improving his breathing movements and maximizing skeletal muscles, optimizing cardiovascular fitness (McDonald et al., 2013). The patient will be informed regarding the activities, which exacerbates the symptoms of his disease and results in the progression of the disease. Since the patient lives only with his wife, the couple will be instructed how to use medicines at the right time and how the treatment will work for the patient. He will be advised to quit smoking, as it is the main cause, which made him to suffer from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). He will also be counseled regarding his nutrition, as it is an essential factor for managing his symptoms. Along with these interventions, he will also be provided with psychological support for his speedy recovery (Taffet, Donohue and Altman, 2014). References McDonald, V.M., Higgins, I., Wood, L.G. and Gibson, P.G., 2013. Multidimensional assessment and tailored interventions for COPD: respiratory utopia or common sense?.Thorax, pp.thoraxjnl-2012. Taffet, G.E., Donohue, J.F. and Altman, P.R., 2014. Considerations for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly.Clin Interv Aging,9, pp.23-30.